The Host

This book explores the relations between physical parameters of extrasolar planets and their respective parent stars. Planetary parameters are often directly dependent upon their stellar counterparts. In addition, the star is almost always the only visible component of the system and contains most of the system mass. Consequently, the parent star heavily influences every aspect of planetary physics and astrophysics. Drs. Kaspar von Braun and Tabetha Boyajian use direct methods to characterize exoplanet host starts that minimize the number of assumptions needed to be made in the process. The book provides a background on interferometric techniques for stellar diameter measurements, illustrates the authors' approach on using additional data to fully characterize the stars, provides a comprehensive update on the current state of the field, and examines in detail a number of historically significant and well-studied exoplanetary systems.

Recent ideas and experimental studies suggest that the relationship between parasitism and host behaviour has been a powerful shaping force in the evolution not only of behaviour patterns themselves but, through them, of morphology and population and community dynamics. This book brings together recent work across the disciplines of parasitology an

In light of the rapidity increasing incidence rate of bacterial and fungal infections with multi-resistant pathogens, the metabolic changes associated with host-pathogen interactions offer one of the most promising starting points for developing novel antibiotics. . Part one of this comprehensive guide describes the metabolic adaptation of pathogenic microbes in humans, while part two points to routes for the development of novel antibiotics. This is volume six of the book series on drug discovery in infectious diseases by Paul Selzer.

The scientific and practical interest in coronands (crown ethers), cryptands, podands as complexing agents for cations as well as for anions and neutral low molecular species is undeniable 1,2). The chemistry of crown compounds is steadily increasing. About 250 original papers dealing with crown chemistry appeared only in 1980. New molecules· with crown ether properties are constantly synthesized and new applications discov,?red. Owing to lack of space, only a small number of the original publications is men tioned here. Thus, in the literature compilation only some, but relevant works are selected for each chapter. Whenever possible, reference is made to reviews or review-like articles alone by means of which origin,al works can be consulted. The reviews given under ref. 1) are considered to be the most relevant. The formulae presented in the figures should be understood as representative structures outlining a specific field. 2 Classification of Oligo-/Multidentate Neutral Ligands and of their Complexes Today, a distinction is made between the classical ring oligoethers (crown ethers) and monocyclic coronands, oligocyclic spherical cryptands and the acyclic podands with respect to topological aspects 3). This classification and the topology are illustrated in Fig. 1, each figure representing the minimum number of donor atoms and chain segments characteristic of each class of compounds. Multidentate mono cyclic ligands with any type of donor atoms are called coronands ("crown compounds"), while the term crown ether should be reserved for cyclic oligoethers exclusively containing oxygen as donor atom.

Consolidated Treaties and International Agreements is the only up-to-date publication available that offers the full-text coverage of all new treaties and international agreements to which the United States is a party. Treaties that have been formally ratified but not officially published, aswell as those pending ratification, are included to guarantee the most comprehensive treaty information available. Executive agreements that have been made available by the Department of State in the previous year are also included. A unique and thorough indexing system, with indices appearing ineach volume, provides readers with quick and easy access to treaties.

The last decade of intensive research in the field of infectious diseases has resulted in a better conceptual understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind the host-parasite interactions that lead to establishment and progression of the disease. However, with the discovery of an increasing number of species-specific virulence mechanisms and novel host defense strategies, the picture is becoming more and more complex. This volume of the book series Contributions to Microbiology presents a number of selected articles dealing with bacterial and viral pathogens and the resulting host response to infection with these microorganisms. As novel therapeutic anti-bacterial and anti-viral strategies are primarily focused on significant pathophysiological mechanisms, this publication will not only attract the interest of scientific and medical professionals, but will also be of importance for students in the field of microbiology, infectious diseases, cell biology and immunology.

There are over four million Airbnb hosts in the United States. This book gives these hosts the tax knowledge they need now more than ever. The new edition has full coverage of all the tax changes brought about by coronavirus relief legislation, including sick leave and family leave tax credits for self-employed hosts, employee retention credit, and tax-free treatment of landlord Paycheck Protection Program loans. These tax breaks can save hosts thousands of dollars.

“Tim Tialdo really knows his stuff. Host Your Own TV Show is a wonderful resource to help you both get started and stay ahead of the game. I wish there would have been a resource like this when I got started in the business.” —Nikki Boyer, host of Yahoo’s Daytime in No Time “Host Your Own TV Show is about getting hired as a host. Tim’s book will get you on the air!” —Paul Cook, radio DJ and author of Cooked in LA: I Shot for the Stars and Hit Bottom “The Tim Tialdo I know and admire is the definition of a go-getter. In these pages you’ll learn much from his passion for TV hosting.” —Todd Newton, Emmy Award–winning host of Family Game Night “I’m so glad Tim wrote Host Your Own TV Show to guide aspiring hosts. Hosting is a totally different path to acting, and Tim is helping to enlighten you on your journey.” —Maureen Browne, Hollywood host coach and casting director “No sugar coating here; Tim tells it like it is. Host Your Own TV Show will take you on an incredible journey. You’ll learn the skills it takes, the confidence you need, and the preparation required when the opportunity shows up.” —Kristi Capel, host of New Day Cleveland “Tim Tialdo really created an incredible resource! Host Your Own TV Show is for anyone trying to get a foot in the door and perfect themselves as a TV host. Awesome information inside!” —Brian Rose, creator of B. Rose Productions “Being in the industry for the past twelve years, I haven’t worked with anyone who has taught me more about on camera personality, voice/articulation, audience–host connection, and ...the needed tools to solidify jobs than Tim Tialdo.” —Shanna Hilt, host of the Kansas City Chiefs’ (NFL) Red & Gold Show

This book summarizes the progress in studies of tuberculosis host-pathogen interactions from several perspectives: molecular microbiology, immunology, animal models, clinical studies, epidemiology, and drug discovery. Tuberculosis (TB) remains a severe global public health problem. Complex interactions between environmental, microbial and host factors lead to clinically relevant infections. Studies on bacterial virulence, host-genetic, and immunological factors contributing to the susceptibility to TB provide an ever-growing foundation of knowledge that is critical to finding new interventions. Studies of immune mechanisms against M. tuberculosis infection have identified immunological markers associated with specific phenotypes in the host, providing insight into how they may be used to augment current treatment strategies. Recent advances in diagnosis, therapeutics and vaccines, as well as basic-research oriented studies have shed light on the development of new directions for prevention, treatment and control of TB. Improved understanding of the interplay between the bacterium and host is a key component of reducing incidence worldwide.

During the past twenty years Listeria monocytogenes has emerged as one of the most intensely studied bacterial pathogens. New windows are constantly being opened into the complexity of host cell biology and the interplay of the signals connecting the various cells and organs involved in the host response. This volume includes research from studies at the molecular level on the pathogenesis of Listeria monocytogenes and the response of the host to its infections.

The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa offers a rich variety of biologically relevant topics to explore and serves as a model system to understand the interactions of Gram-negative bacteria with human hosts. The organism adapts readily to most environments. It has a large and variable genome with a great deal of metabolic potential. P. aeruginosa encodes a variety of regulatory systems to fine tune gene expression and integrate environmental signals. This organism can infect both plants and animals and produces a plethora of enzymes and factors that can overcome host defenses. Moreover, it has the ability to change between the states of a sedentary colonizer to an invasive and highly motile organism. Clinically, the bacterium is resistant to many antibiotics making it difficult to treat and impossible to eradicate from the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis. Intrinsic antibiotic resistance combined with an armamentarium of tissue degradative enzymes makes it imperative to possess a comprehensive understanding of the biology, genetics and pathogenesis of this organism so that novel therapeutics based on virulence product neutralization can be designed and implemented. This Research Topics issue will be devoted to updating the current understanding of P. aeruginosa systems as they relate to its different lifestyles in different environments. The underlying theme is to provide broad overviews and to integrate protein structure-function and gene regulation as it relates to the biology of this bacterium.

There is an increasing number of immunocompromised patients across a widening range of specialities in medicine. Patients with underlying malignancy, as well as transplant patients, are now living longer in a vulnerable immune state. Previously, patients were only seen by small specialist transplant, haematology, or oncology teams. Modern techniques mean that patients undergoing care in many specialities such as dermatology, rheumatology, gastroenterology, and acute general medicine, are being immunosuppressed to modify their underlying disease, and treated directly by their own specialists. The most pressing problems that these patients suffer from are usually related to fever and infection. The Oxford Specialist Handbook of Infection in the Immunocompromised Host is a comprehensive guide for medical staff caring for immunocompromised patients in a hospital setting. Divided into three sections, it is the ideal source for clear, up-to-date information needed on the ward. The book starts with a background of the field, followed by a section that provides a 'host', or patient-centred, approach to presentations in different immunocompromised states. It discusses the assessment, investigation, and management of clinical syndromes in patients with primary immunodeficiency, HIV infection, immunodeficiency as a result of therapeutic immunosuppression, haematological and solid organ malignancy, and immunodeficiency related to organ transplant. In addition, it covers medical conditions resulting in defective immunity, such as diabetes, mellitus, and chronic renal failure, and provides information on travel in the immunocompromised host. The third section provides a pathogen-centred approach to the investigation and management of viral, bacterial, parasitic, and fungal infections of particular relevance to the immunocompromised host. Combining hospital and laboratory guidelines with recent research, the Oxford Specialist Handbook of Infection in the Immunocompromised Host highlights the importance of diagnoses and empirical treatments. Ideal for medical staff working in infectious diseases, ITU, haematology and oncology, transplants, HIV/GUM, rheumatology, and general medicine, it also considers the diagnostic dilemmas encountered in a clinical setting. This handbook is also a valuable resource for when preparing for the UK SCE examinations in these topics, and the MRCP.

This revised set of resources for Cambridge IGCSE Business Studies syllabus 0450 (and Cambridge O Level Business Studies syllabus 7115) is thoroughly updated for the latest syllabus for first examinations from 2015. Written by experienced teachers, the Coursebook provides comprehensive coverage of the syllabus. Accessible language combined with the clear, visually-stimulating layout makes this an ideal resource for the course. Questions and explanation of key terms reinforce knowledge; different kinds of activities build application, analytical and evaluation skills; case studies contextualise the content making it relevant to the international learner. It provides thorough examination support for both papers with questions at the end of each chapter and an extensive case study at the end of each unit. The CD-ROM contains revision aids, further questions and activities. A Teachers CD-ROM is also available.

TB is considered as one of the oldest documented infectious diseases in the world and is believed to be the leading cause of mortality due to a single infectious agent. Mtb, the causative agent responsible for TB, continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Furthermore, one-third of the entire world's population has latent TB. Consequently, there has been a worldwide effort to eradicate and limit the spread of Mtb through the use of antibiotics. However, management of TB is becoming more challenging with the emergence of drug-resistant and multi-drug resistant strains of Mtb. Furthermore, when administered, many of the anti-TB drugs commonly present severe complications and side effects. Novel approaches to enhance the host immune responses to completely eradicate Mtb infection are urgently needed. This Special Issue will therefore cover most recent advances in the area of host-directed therapies for TB.